UNCONSCIOUS THOUGHT WORKS BOTTOM-UP AND CONSCIOUS THOUGHT WORKS TOP-DOWN WHEN FORMING AN IMPRESSION

被引:22
作者
Bos, Maarten W. [1 ]
Dijksterhuis, Ap [1 ]
机构
[1] Univ Amsterdam, Radboud Univ Nijmegen, NL-1012 WX Amsterdam, Netherlands
关键词
DECISION-MAKING; STEREOTYPE ACTIVATION; SOCIAL STEREOTYPES; PERSON MEMORY; TRAITS; MAINTENANCE; INFORMATION; PREJUDICE; BEHAVIORS; BIASES;
D O I
10.1521/soco.2011.29.6.727
中图分类号
B84 [心理学];
学科分类号
04 ; 0402 ;
摘要
We tested and found supportive evidence for one of the principles of Unconscious Thought Theory (UTT); namely, that unconscious thought is a bottom-up process, whereas conscious thought is a top-down process. In two experiments on impression formation, participants read behavioral information about a fictitious person after a stereotype had been activated. We found that unconscious thinkers formed an impression unbiased by the stereotype, suggesting a bottom-up strategy, whereas conscious thinkers relied on the stereotype, suggesting a top-down strategy. That is, when thinking consciously, participants relied more on stereotype-congruent information and suppressed stereotype-incongruent information. Implications for impression formation are discussed.
引用
收藏
页码:727 / 737
页数:11
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