Accumulative occlusion time correlates with postoperative pulmonary complications in patients undergoing pelvic and sacrum tumor resection assisted by abdominal aortic balloon occlusion: a retrospective cohort study

Background Postoperative pulmonary complications (PPCs) seems to be high in patients undergoing pelvic and sacrum tumor resection assisted by abdominal aortic balloon occlusion. We hypothesized that the accumulative occlusion time (AOT) of the abdominal aortic balloon may be predictive of PPCs. The objective of the study was to identify the influence of AOT on PPCs. Methods Retrospectively analyzed perioperative factors of 584 patients who underwent pelvic and sacrum tumor resection assisted by abdominal aortic balloon occlusion in our hospital from January 1, 2016 to December 31, 2018. PPCs including suspected pulmonary infection, atelectasis, pulmonary edema, pleural effusion, respiratory failure were clinically diagnosed. Perioperative parameters among patients with and without PPCs were compared. A receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis was conducted to evaluate the discriminative power of AOT with regard to PPCs. A multivariate logistic-regression model was finally established to identify independent risk factors for PPCs. Results The incidence of PPCs was 15.6% (91 patients). The median AOT in PPCs group was significantly higher than that in non-PPCs group (P < 0.001). The hospital stay was significantly prolonged in PPCs group (P < 0.001). The ROC analysis showed an AOT of 119 min as the threshold value at which the joint sensitivity (88.60%) and specificity (31.87%) was maximal. Finally, AOT >= 119 min (P = 0.046; odds ratio (OR) = 2.074), age (P < 0.001; OR = 1.032), ASA grade III (P = 0.015; OR = 3.264), and estimated blood loss (P = 0.022; OR = 1.235) were independent risk factors of PPCs by multivariate logistic regression analysis. Conclusion The incidence of PPCs in patients undergoing the pelvic and sacrum tumor surgery assisted by abdominal aortic balloon occlusion was 15.6%. AOT >= 119 min was an independent predictor for PPCs. Surgeons should strive to minimize the AOT within 2 h.