Interfirm collaboration and corporate social responsibility expenditure in turbulent environments: The moderating role of entrepreneurial orientation

This paper draws on the resource dependency theory to examine the impact of interfirm collaboration on corporate social responsibility (CSR) expenditure. In addition, we examine entrepreneurial orientation as a moderator of the relationship between interfirm collaboration and CSR expenditure. We test our research model using survey data from 230 small- and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) in Ghana. Results from our empirical analyses reveal that interfirm collaboration positively impacts CSR expenditure and this relationship is strengthened when entrepreneurial orientation is greater in turbulent environments. Implications for theory and practice are discussed.