Anatomical review of the mandibular lingula for inferior alveolar nerve block

The purpose of this study was to perform a review of the literature related to the anatomy of the mandibular lingula and to provide information to improve the execution of effective anaesthesia of the inferior alveolar nerve in clinical practices of the mandible. Prognathic mandibles have a lingula that is located more posterior and superior than non-prognathic mandibles. Most of the lingulae are located above the occlusal plane, but it is occasionally located at or below the occlusal plane. The lingula of the triangular shape was generally located slightly more superior and posterior than other shapes. The mandibular lingula is an important anatomical landmark, and accurate information for exact lingula features is required during inferior alveolar nerve block anaesthesia. Proper evaluation of the lingula is key to effective anaesthesia and decreases the failure rate of the inferior alveolar nerve in clinical practices of the mandible.