Bladder cancer: what's new in 2020-2021

This article aims to give an up-to-date review of studies on the diagnosis and treatment of patients with bladder cancer (BCa). We emphasize that the assessment of treatment and prognosis using specific markers is a promising method. However, clinical data currently outpace the results of molecular testing. Patients with luminal BCa demonstrate worse response to pharmacotherapy than those with other BCa types. The implementation of new drugs such as avelumab, enfortumab, and new drug combinations into clinical practice raised hopes to improve treatment outcomes of patients with locally advanced and metastatic bladder cancer. The development of new pharmacotherapy and immunotherapy regimens will improve treatment outcomes. We describe the experience of some foreign countries with the treatment and outpatient follow-up of patients after radical cystectomy. The article also contains the guidelines by the European Association of Urology on the treatment of patients with urinary tract cancers during the COVID-19 pandemic.