The Burden of Typhoid Fever in Sub-Saharan Africa: A Perspective

被引:16
作者
Kim, Cara Lynn [1 ]
Espinoza, Ligia Maria Cruz [1 ]
Vannice, Kirsten S. [2 ]
Tadesse, Birkneh Tilahun [1 ,3 ,4 ]
Owusu-Dabo, Ellis [5 ]
Rakotozandrindrainy, Raphael [6 ]
Jani, Ilesh, V [7 ]
Teferi, Mekonnen [8 ]
Soura, Abdramane Bassiahi [9 ]
Lunguya, Octavie [10 ,11 ]
Steele, A. Duncan [2 ]
Marks, Florian [1 ,6 ,12 ,13 ]
机构
[1] Int Vaccine Inst, Seoul, South Korea
[2] Bill & Melinda Gates Fdn, Enter & Diarrheal Dis, Seattle, WA USA
[3] Karolinska Inst, Karolinska Univ Hosp Huddinge, Dept Lab Med, Div Clin Pharmacol, Stockholm, Sweden
[4] Addis Ababa Univ, Coll Hlth Sci, Ctr Innovat Drug Dev & Therapeut Trials Africa, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
[5] Kwame Nkrumah Univ Sci & Technol, Sch Publ Hlth, Kumasi, Ghana
[6] Univ Antananarivo, Antananarivo, Madagascar
[7] Inst Nacl Saude INS, Marracuene, Maputo Province, Mozambique
[8] Armauer Hansen Res Inst, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
[9] Univ Joseph Ki Zerbo Ouagadougou, Inst Super Sci Populat, Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso
[10] Inst Natl Rech Biomed, Dept Microbiol, Kinshasa, DEM REP CONGO
[11] Univ Teaching Hosp Kinshasa, Dept Med Biol, Kinshasa, DEM REP CONGO
[12] Univ Cambridge, Cambridge Inst Therapeut Immunol & Infect Dis, Sch Clin Med, Cambridge Biomed Campus, Cambridge, England
[13] Heidelberg Univ, Heidelberg Inst Global Hlth, Heidelberg, Germany
来源
RESEARCH AND REPORTS IN TROPICAL MEDICINE | 2022年 / 13卷
关键词
typhoid; burden; mortality; sub-Saharan Africa; conjugate-vaccine; antimicrobial resistance; CONJUGATE VACCINE; ENTERIC FEVER; ANTIMICROBIAL RESISTANCE; LABORATORY DIAGNOSIS; RISK-FACTORS; POPULATION; EFFICACY; DISEASE; MORTALITY; CHILDREN;
D O I
10.2147/RRTM.S282461
中图分类号
R-3 [医学研究方法]; R3 [基础医学];
学科分类号
1001 ;
摘要
While typhoid fever has largely been eliminated in high-income regions which have developed modern water, sanitation, and hygiene facilities, it remains a significant public health burden resulting in morbidity and mortality among millions of individuals in resource-constrained settings. Prevention and control efforts are needed that integrate several high-impact interventions targeting facilities and infrastructure, including those addressing improvements in sanitation, access to safe water, and planned urbanization, together with parallel efforts directed at effective strategies for use of typhoid conjugate vaccines (TCV). The use of TCVs is a critical tool with the potential of having a rapid impact on typhoid fever disease burden; their introduction will also serve as an important strategy to combat evolving antimicrobial resistance to currently available typhoid fever treatments. Well-designed epidemiological surveillance studies play a critical role in establishing the need for, and monitoring the impact of, typhoid fever control and prevention strategies implemented by public health authorities. Here, we present a perspective based on a narrative review of the impact of typhoid fever on morbidity and mortality in sub-Saharan Africa and discuss ongoing surveillance activities and the role of vaccination in prevention and control efforts.
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页数:9
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