Skew-selfadjoint Dirac systems with rational rectangular Weyl functions: explicit solutions of direct and inverse problems and integrable wave equations

In this paper we study direct and inverse problems for discrete and continuous skew-selfadjoint Dirac systems with rectangular (possibly non-square) pseudo-exponential potentials. For such a system the Weyl function is a strictly proper rational matrix function and any strictly proper rational matrix function appears in this way. In fact, extending earlier results, given a strictly proper rational matrix function we present an explicit procedure to recover the corresponding potential using techniques from mathematical system and control theory. We also introduce and study a nonlinear generalized discrete Heisenberg magnet model, extending earlier results for the isotropic case. A large part of the paper is devoted to the related discrete systems of which the pseudo-exponential potential depends on an additional continuous time parameter. Our technique allows us to obtain explicit solutions for the generalized discrete Heisenberg magnet model and evolution of the Weyl functions.