Analysis of association of risk factors for age-related macular degeneration

被引:4
作者
Bucan, Kajo [1 ]
Lukic, Marko [2 ,3 ]
Bosnar, Damir [4 ]
Kopic, Andrijana [5 ,6 ]
Jukic, Tomislav [7 ]
Konjevoda, Suzana [8 ]
Glavadanovic, Sergio [9 ]
Gverovic Antunica, Antonela [10 ]
机构
[1] Univ Hosp Ctr Split, Ophthalmol Dept, Split, Croatia
[2] Moorfields Eye Hosp NHS Fdn Trust, NIHR Biomed Res Ctr, 162 City Rd, London EC1V 2PD, England
[3] UCL Inst Ophthalmol, 162 City Rd, London EC1V 2PD, England
[4] Univ Clin Ctr Sveti Duh, Dept Ophthalmol, Zagreb, Croatia
[5] Univ Hosp Ctr Osijek, Ophthalmol Dept, Osijek, Croatia
[6] JJ Strossmayer Univ Osijek, Fac Med Osijek, Osijek, Croatia
[7] Univ Hosp Ctr Zagreb, Ophthalmol Dept, Zagreb, Croatia
[8] Gen Hosp Zadar, Ophthalmol Unit, Zadar, Croatia
[9] Gen Hosp Sibenik, Ophthalmol Unit, Shibenik, Croatia
[10] Gen Hosp Dubrovnik, Ophthalmol Unit, Dubrovnik, Croatia
关键词
Age-related macular degeneration; retina; anatomy; biochemistry; physiology; preventive medicine; screening; socioeconomics and education in medicine; ophthalmology; practice management; genetics; CIGARETTE-SMOKING; GLOBAL PREVALENCE; BEAVER DAM; EYE; DISEASE; MACULOPATHY; IMPAIRMENT; BLINDNESS;
D O I
10.1177/1120672121998900
中图分类号
R77 [眼科学];
学科分类号
100212 ;
摘要
Purpose: To evaluate the significance of risk factors and analyze their interrelationship in developing age-related macular degeneration (AMD). Materials and design: This is a multicenter, cross-sectional study conducted in eight ophthalmology centers in Europe. The STARS (Simplified Thea AMD Risk-Assessment Scale) questionnaire was used to assess 12 risk factors grouped in four major categories. We used Welch's t-test/F ratios to determine statistically significant changes. The principal component analysis was done to investigate the association between risk factors. Results: There were 3297 participants included in our data analysis. Nineteen percent of patients had a high risk of developing AMD, whilst 45.92% and 34.85% had moderate and small risk, respectively. Atherosclerosis appeared as the most relevant risk indicator for AMD development (Cohen's d = 0.861). Tukey's post hoc analysis of the smoking variable showed that ex-smokers (p < 0.001) have a significantly high risk of developing AMD. The Welch's t-test showed pseudophakic patients have a higher risk of developing AMD than phakic ones. Then, we conducted the principal component analysis, which revealed a significant connection between smoking and male gender and between smoking and atherosclerosis. Pseudophakic patients were generally older and had more often myocardial infarction as compared to phakic patients. We showed that higher BMI, history of arterial hypertension, hypercholesterolemia, and atherosclerosis tend to occur together as risk factors for AMD. Conclusion: Risk factors evaluated in our study should be considered for the development of AMD.
引用
收藏
页码:410 / 416
页数:7
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