Novel dinuclear platinum(II) complexes targets NFκB signaling pathway to induce apoptosis and inhibit metabolism of MCF-7 breast cancer cells

Four novel dinuclear platinum(II) complexes of formula [Pt2L4(berenil)(2)] Cl-4 (Pt1-Pt4) where L is piperazine (Pt1), 4-picoline (Pt2), 3-picoline (Pt3) or isopropylamine (Pt4) were compared to cisplatin in respect to collagen biosynthesis, beta(1)-integrin receptor, IGF-I receptor, phosphorylated MAP-kinases (ERK1/ERK2 and p38), phosphorylated Akt kinase expression and appearance of apoptosis in MCF-7 breast cancer cells. It was found that Pt1-Pt4 were more active inhibitor of collagen biosynthesis than cisplatin. The expression of IGF-I and beta(1) integrin receptor, as well as phosphorylated MAPK, (ERK1 and ERK2 and p38) was significantly increased in cells incubated for 24 h with 20 mu M Pt1-Pt4 compared to the control, not treated cells. The phenomenon was related to the increase expresion of NF kappa B by Pt1-Pt4 as shown by Western immunoblot analysis. Experiments made with annexin V-FITC and detection of apoptosis by a fluorescent microscopy assay revealed that novel dinuclear platinum(II) complexes (Pt1-Pt4) inhibited the proliferation of MCF-7 breast cancer cells by increasing the number of apoptotic and necrotic cells.