DC-DC Converter for Energy Loss Compensation and Maximum Frequency Limitation in Capacitive Deionization Systems

Currently, shortage of the water resources is a global issue. Water desalination is a solution that can be used to solve the water shortage problem. Capacitive deionization (CDI) is an effective water desalination method. CDI offers relatively low energy consumptions and low initial costs. This paper improves energy exchange between CDI units used in efficient CDI systems. Traditionally, hysteresis control is employed for transferring energy through power converters; this control method induces switching losses. Converter losses cause CDI systems not to operate in nominal voltage. In this paper, a buck converter and a CDI selector are proposed to compensate the losses. The maximum switching frequency is limited to prevent high switching losses. Simulation results validate the proposed scheme.