A non-local damage approach for the boundary element method

The conventional (local) constitutive modelling of materials exhibiting strain softening behaviour is susceptive to a spurious mesh dependence caused by numerically induced strain localization. Also, for refined meshes, numerical instabilities may be verified, mainly if the simulations are performed by the boundary element method. An alternative to overcome such difficulties is the adoption of the so called non-local constitutive models. In these approaches, some internal variables of the constitutive model in a single point are averaged considering its values of the neighbouring points. In this paper, the implicit formulation of the boundary element method for physically non-linear problems in solid mechanics is used with a non-local isotropic damage model and a very simple averaging scheme, over internal cells, is introduced. It is shown that the analysis become more stable in comparison to the case of a local application of the same model and that the results recover the desired objectiveness to mesh refinement. (C) 2018 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.