Mechanisms of Impaired Brown Adipose Tissue Recruitment in Obesity

被引:75
作者
Alcala, Martin [1 ]
Calderon-Dominguez, Maria [2 ,3 ]
Serra, Dolors [2 ,3 ]
Herrero, Laura [2 ,3 ]
Viana, Marta [1 ]
机构
[1] CEU Univ, Univ San Pablo CEU, Fac Farm, Dept Chem & Biochem, Madrid, Spain
[2] Univ Barcelona, IBUB, Sch Pharm, Dept Biochem & Physiol, Barcelona, Spain
[3] Inst Salud Carlos III, Ctr Invest Biomed Red Fisiopatol Obesidad & Nutr, Madrid, Spain
关键词
differentiation; BAT recruitment; preadipocyte; obesity; catecholamine; inflammation; oxidative stress; endoplasmic reticulum stress; ALTERNATIVELY ACTIVATED MACROPHAGES; PATTERN-RECOGNITION RECEPTORS; COLD-INDUCED THERMOGENESIS; ADIPOCYTE DIFFERENTIATION; PPAR-GAMMA; INDUCED APOPTOSIS; OXIDATIVE STRESS; ADULT HUMANS; STEM-CELLS; BEIGE FAT;
D O I
10.3389/fphys.2019.00094
中图分类号
Q4 [生理学];
学科分类号
071003 ;
摘要
Brown adipose tissue (BAT) dissipates energy to produce heat. Thus, it has the potential to regulate body temperature by thermogenesis. For the last decade, BAT has been in the spotlight due to its rediscovery in adult humans. This is evidenced by over a hundred clinical trials that are currently registered to target BAT as a therapeutic tool in the treatment of metabolic diseases, such as obesity or diabetes. The goal of most of these trials is to activate the BAT thermogenic program via several approaches such as adrenergic stimulation, natriuretic peptides, retinoids, capsinoids, thyroid hormones, or glucocorticoids. However, the impact of BAT activation on total body energy consumption and the potential effect on weight loss is still limited. Other studies have focused on increasing the mass of thermogenic BAT. This can be relevant in obesity, where the activity and abundance of BAT have been shown to be drastically reduced. The aim of this review is to describe pathological processes associated with obesity that may influence the correct differentiation of BAT, such as catecholamine resistance, inflammation, oxidative stress, and endoplasmic reticulum stress. This will shed light on the thermogenic potential of BAT as a therapeutic approach to target obesity-induced metabolic diseases.
引用
收藏
页数:10
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