Gender stereotypes explain different mental prototypes of male and female leaders

被引:16
作者
Giacomin, Miranda [1 ,3 ]
Tskhay, Konstantin O. [2 ]
Rule, Nicholas O. [2 ]
机构
[1] MacEwan Univ, Edmonton, AB, Canada
[2] Univ Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
[3] MacEwan Univ, 10700-104 Ave, Edmonton, AB T5J 4S2, Canada
关键词
Gender stereotypes; Leadership; Mental representations; Social perceptions; FACIAL CUES; SOCIAL ATTRIBUTIONS; FACES; COMMUNICATION; APPEARANCE; SUCCESS; CONSEQUENCES; PERCEPTIONS; COMPETENCE; ELECTIONS;
D O I
10.1016/j.leaqua.2021.101578
中图分类号
B849 [应用心理学];
学科分类号
040203 ;
摘要
Previous research has demonstrated that social stereotypes associated with women's gender can preclude them from leadership positions. It remains unclear whether these stereotypes affect how people perceive male and female leaders, however. To examine people's stereotypes, we extracted their mental representations of male and female leaders and typical men/women (referred to as nonleaders) using reverse correlation. We then asked perceivers to rate these prototypes' apparent leadership ability and traits related to power and warmth across contexts that represented typically masculine, feminine, or neutral domains. Leaders in a feminine con-text appeared more leaderlike than nonleaders, but as equally leaderlike in neutral and masculine contexts. Moreover, female leader faces appeared more powerful than female nonleader faces but male leader and non -leader faces appeared equally powerful. Male leaders were perceived as warmer than male nonleaders, how-ever, whereas female leaders and nonleaders were perceived as equally warm. Thus, people's gender, social stereotypes, and the context in which leaders are judged influence how people conceive of male and female leaders, with counterstereotypical attributes distinguishing leaders within their gender.
引用
收藏
页数:11
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