Imaging Clinical Subtypes and Associated Brain Networks in Alzheimer's Disease

被引:4
作者
Herholz, Karl [1 ,2 ]
机构
[1] Univ Manchester, Div Expt Psychol & Neurosci, Manchester M13 9PL, Lancs, England
[2] Univ Sheffield, Sheffield Inst Translat Neurosci, Sheffield S10 2HQ, S Yorkshire, England
关键词
Alzheimer's disease; early diagnosis; posterior cortical atrophy; progressive aphasia; positron emission tomography; magnetic resonance imaging; PRIMARY PROGRESSIVE APHASIA; POSTERIOR CORTICAL ATROPHY; MILD COGNITIVE IMPAIRMENT; DEFAULT MODE NETWORK; AMYLOID-BETA PLAQUES; BLOOD-FLOW DEFICITS; TAU PET PATTERNS; FDG-PET; NEURODEGENERATIVE DISEASES; FUNCTIONAL CONNECTIVITY;
D O I
10.3390/brainsci12020146
中图分类号
Q189 [神经科学];
学科分类号
071006 ;
摘要
Alzheimer's disease (AD) does not present uniform symptoms or a uniform rate of progression in all cases. The classification of subtypes can be based on clinical symptoms or patterns of pathological brain alterations. Imaging techniques may allow for the identification of AD subtypes and their differentiation from other neurodegenerative diseases already at an early stage. In this review, the strengths and weaknesses of current clinical imaging methods are described. These include positron emission tomography (PET) to image cerebral glucose metabolism and pathological amyloid or tau deposits. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is more widely available than PET. It provides information on structural or functional changes in brain networks and their relation to AD subtypes. Amyloid PET provides a very early marker of AD but does not distinguish between AD subtypes. Regional patterns of pathology related to AD subtypes are observed with tau and glucose PET, and eventually as atrophy patterns on MRI. Structural and functional network changes occur early in AD but have not yet provided diagnostic specificity.
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页数:18
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