Laparoscopic Transabdominal Preperitoneal Repair of Ventral Hernia: A Step Towards Physiological Repair

The laparoscopic ventral hernia repair with preperitoneal placement of mesh minimizes the complications related to the intraperitoneal position of mesh and fixating devices. It allows safe use of conventional and less expensive polypropylene mesh. The prospectively collected data of 68 patients who underwent laparoscopic transabdominal preperitoneal mesh hernioplasty, for different types of ventral hernias between January 2005 and December 2009 was retrospectively reviewed. The study included 68 patients, 16 males and 52 females with a mean age 51.1 +/- 11.1 years (range 23-74 years). Most of the hernias (67.6%) were in the midline position. The mean size of the defect was 30.8 +/- 24.4 cm2 (range, 4-144 cm2) and the mean mesh size was 237.8 +/- 66.8 cm2 (range, 144-484 cm2). The mean operating time was 96.7 +/- 16.7 min (range 70-150 min). All repairs were done with polypropylene mesh. The mean postoperative hospital stay was 1.5 +/- 0.6 days (range, 1-4 days). Nineteen patients (27.9%) suffered from postoperative complications. Four patients (5.8%) were detected to have seroma formation. There were two recurrences (2.9%). The mean follow up was 22.7 +/- 13.4 months (range, 6-48 months). The laparoscopic preperitoneal ventral hernia repair with polypropylene mesh is cheaper and has acceptable postoperative outcomes. Peritoneal coverage of the mesh not only acts as a barrier between mesh and bowel and thereby prevents adhesions, it also provides an additional security of fixation. This is a safe and feasible option of ventral hernia repair in expert hands. However, for proper validation of these conclusions a long term prospective clinical trial is required.