Cholesterol-lowering drugs for high-risk hypercholesterolemia patients with COVID-19 while on Paxlovid™ therapy

Paxlovid (TM) is a promising antiviral oral medication for patients at a high risk of a severe form of COVID-19. Regarding COVID-19 patients who have hypercholesterolemia and are at high or very high risk for an acute atherothrombotic cardiovascular event, we are highlighting patients with heterozygous familial hypercholesterolemia as an example of severe hypercholesterolemia. Unfortunately, the concomitant use of Paxlovid and a statin, which is highly dependent on cytochrome P4507A (CYP3A) for clearance, may result in significant drug interactions. Since an abrupt withdrawal of statin use may cause serious negative rebound effects on the cardiovascular system, it is essential to continue statin treatment also during the 5-day Paxlovid treatment period. During Paxlovid treatment, simvastatin and lovastatin need to be substituted with another statin, such as pravastatin or fluvastatin, while a reduction of the dose of atorvastatin and rosuvastatin is recommended.