New Trichothecenes Isolated from the Marine Algicolous Fungus Trichoderma brevicompactum

Eight trichothecenes, including four new compounds 1-4 and four known entities 5-8, together with one known cyclonerane (9) were isolated from the solid-state fermentation of Trichoderma brevicompactum NTU439 isolated from the marine alga Mastophora rosea. The structures of 1-9 were determined by 1D/2D NMR (nuclear magnetic resonance), MS (mass spectrometry), and IR (infrared spectroscopy) spectroscopic data. All of the compounds were evaluated for cytotoxic activity against HCT-116, PC-3, and SK-Hep-1 cancer cells by the SRB assay, and compound 8 showed promising cytotoxic activity against all three cancer cell lines with the IC50 values of 3.3 +/- 0.3, 5.3 +/- 0.3, and 1.8 +/- 0.8 mu M, respectively. Compounds 1-2, 4-6, and 7-8 potently inhibited LPS-induced NO production, and compounds 5 and 8 showed markedly inhibited gelatinolysis of MMP-9 in S1 protein-stimulated THP-1 monocytes.