Measurement of friction for powder compaction modelling - comparison between laboratories

被引:0
|
作者
Tweed, JH
机构
[1] AEA Technol, Abingdon OX14 3ED, Oxon, England
[2] Fraunhofer Inst Angew Mat Forsch, D-28359 Bremen, Germany
[3] GKN Sinter Met, Auburn Hills, MI 48326 USA
[4] Inst Natl Polytech Grenoble, Lab Sols Solides Struct, F-38041 Grenoble, France
[5] Lulea Univ Technol, SE-971 Lulea, Sweden
[6] Univ Coll Swansea, Swansea SA2 8PP, W Glam, Wales
[7] Vlaamse Instelling Technol Onderzoek, B-2400 Mol, Belgium
关键词
D O I
10.1179/003258900666104
中图分类号
TF [冶金工业];
学科分类号
0806 ;
摘要
A 'round robin' assessment of methods for measuring friction for die compaction of powders has been undertaken as part of the European PM Modnet programme. Measurements have been made on a Distaloy AE with 0.5% graphite and 1.0% wax using five different shear based techniques and six techniques using instrumented dies. The potential accuracy of Diction measurement required as input to models of the compaction process has been assessed using results from modelling sensitivity studies where Diction was varied, together with specifications from industry of the accuracy of model output required. These studies suggest that an accuracy of measurement of friction coefficient of +/-0.01 is preferred, but that an accuracy of +/-0.02 will still give predictions of acceptable levels of accuracy. Friction data have been compared by separating the measurements into three regimes, respectively relevant to: surfaces perpendicular to punch movement during compaction (Type 1), surfaces parallel to punch movement during compaction (Type 2), surfaces parallel to punch movement during ejection (Type 3). The majority of data relate to the second of these cases. Type 2 friction data from shear techniques fall within a band of +/-0.02 around a linear relation with normal pressure and density. Mean Diction falls from 0.14 to 0.07 as density increases from 4 to 7.5 g cm(-3) and from 0.11 to 0.06 as normal pressure rises from 0 to 600 MPa. Type 2 friction data from dies show a wider variation than data from shear techniques. A number of reasons for this has been suggested. The use of a varying ratio of radial to axial pressure at die surfaces during compaction has been demonstrated to bring closer agreement between data from die and shear techniques, especially at pressures above 200 MPa. PM/0919.
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页码:364 / 374
页数:11
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