Antibiotic resistance profiles and relatedness of enteric bacterial pathogens isolated from HIV/AIDS patients with and without diarrhoea and their household drinking water in rural communities in Limpopo Province South Africa

被引:0
作者
Obi, C. L. [1 ]
Ramalivhana, J.
Momba, M. N. B.
Onabolu, B.
Igumbor, J. O.
Lukoto, M.
Mulaudzi, T. B.
Bessong, P. O.
van Rensburg, Jansen E. L.
Green, E.
Ndou, S.
机构
[1] Univ S Africa, Sch Agr & Life Sci, Coll Agr & Environm Sci, ZA-0001 Pretoria, South Africa
[2] Tshwane Univ Technol, Dept Water Care, Pretoria, South Africa
来源
AFRICAN JOURNAL OF BIOTECHNOLOGY | 2007年 / 6卷 / 08期
关键词
enteric; bacteria; pathogens; antibiotics; HIV/AIDS; household; water; diarrhoea;
D O I
暂无
中图分类号
Q81 [生物工程学(生物技术)]; Q93 [微生物学];
学科分类号
071005 ; 0836 ; 090102 ; 100705 ;
摘要
Antibiotic resistance profiles and the correlation of enteric bacterial pathogens from HIV positive individuals with and without diarrhoea and their household drinking water were determined using the Kirby Bauer disk diffusion and polymerase chain reaction methods respectively. The sef gene of Salmonella enteritidis was amplified with the primer pair sefA-1 and sefA-2. The fliC gene of Salmonella typhimurium was amplified with the primer pair flicA-1 and flicA-2. Heat-labile toxin (LT) primers (Lta and LTb) were used to amplify Escherichia coli isolates and VirA1 and VirA2 for the Vir A gene of Shigella dysenteriae. Results of antibiotic resistance profiles of enteric bacterial pathogens isolated from stool samples of HIV positive and negative individuals with and without diarrhea and their household drinking water showed very similar drug resistance patterns. Over 90% of all the organisms isolated from the various study cohorts showed resistance to penicillin, cloxacillin and amoxicillin. Conversely, almost all the organisms were sensitive to ciprofloxacin, gentamycin, meropenem and imipenem. About 50% of E. coli isolated from the various study cohorts showed multiple antibiotic resistance to penicillin, amoxicillin, ampicillin, erythromycin, tetracycline, doxycycline and cotri-moxazole (P-R, A(R), AP(R), E-R, T-R, DXTR, and TSR) whereas less than 10% resistance was consistently reported for ofloxacin, gentamycin, meropenem cefotaxime, cefuroxime and imipenem (OFXS, GM(S), MEMS, CTXS, CXMS and IMIS). The majority of Salmonella and Shigella isolates from all the groups were sensitive to ciprofloxacin, gentamicin, amikacin, meropenem, imipenem, nalidixic acid, kanamycin, piperacillin-tazo bactam, cefuroxime, doxycyclin, cefepime and ceftazidime (CIPS, GM(S), AK(S), MEMS, IMIS, NA(S), KNS, DXTS, CXMS, CPMS, CAZ(S) and PTZ(S)). For Campylobacter, over 30% of the isolates were resistant to erythromycin, ampicillin, tetracycline, cotrimoxazole and ceftazidime (E-R, AP(R) TSR and CAZ(R)) whereas over 85% were susceptible to ciprofloxacin, ofloxacin, gentamycin, amikacin, mero-penem, and nalidixic acid (CIPS, OFXS, GM(S), AK(S), MEMS and NA(S)). In addition to penicillin, amoxicillin, ampicillin and erythromycin, Aeromonas and Plesiomonas spp were more resistant to chloramphenicol, but were susceptible to ciprofloxacin, gentamycin, amikacin, meropenem, imipenem and nalidixic acid (CIPS, GM(S), AK(S), MEMS, IMIS and NA(S)). Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) experiments using targeted species genes of S. enteritidis, S. typhimurium, E. coli, Sh. dysenteriae showed that isolates from stool samples of HIV positive and HIV negative individuals with and without diarrhoea were also present in the household drinking water of the same study cohorts, suggesting that drinking water may have been the sources of the organisms in stool sample. Furthermore, by showing that the primers were able to amplify the genes in both clinical and environmental isolates, the link between the virulence of the pathogens was established.
引用
收藏
页码:1035 / 1047
页数:13
相关论文
共 42 条
  • [1] Babalola OO., 2003, Afr J Biotechnol, V2, P710, DOI DOI 10.5897/AJB2003.000-1127
  • [2] BAER J, 1991, EMERG INFECT DIS, V5, P820
  • [3] PERSISTENT DIARRHEA IN CHILDREN OF DEVELOPING-COUNTRIES
    BLACK, RE
    [J]. PEDIATRIC INFECTIOUS DISEASE JOURNAL, 1993, 12 (09) : 751 - 761
  • [4] Etiologies and manifestations of persistent diarrhea in adults with HIV-1 infection:: A case-control study in Lima, Peru
    Cárcamo, C
    Hooton, T
    Wener, MH
    Weiss, NS
    Gilman, R
    Arevalo, J
    Carrasco, J
    Seas, C
    Caballero, M
    Holmes, KK
    [J]. JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES, 2005, 191 (01) : 11 - 19
  • [5] Human campylobacteriosis in developing countries
    Coker, AO
    Isokpehi, RD
    Thomas, BN
    Amisu, KO
    Obi, CL
    [J]. EMERGING INFECTIOUS DISEASES, 2002, 8 (03) : 237 - 243
  • [6] COKER AO, 1994, E AFR MED J, V71, P437
  • [7] Molecular characterization of Irish Salmonella enterica serotype typhimurium:: Detection of class I integrons and assessment of genetic relationships by DNA amplification fingerprinting
    Daly, M
    Buckley, J
    Power, E
    O'Hare, C
    Cormican, M
    Cryan, B
    Wall, PG
    Fanning, S
    [J]. APPLIED AND ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY, 2000, 66 (02) : 614 - 619
  • [8] FRISANCHO VO, 1991, REV GASTROENTEROL PE, V11, P86
  • [9] ASSOCIATION BETWEEN THE ACQUIRED-IMMUNODEFICIENCY-SYNDROME AND INFECTION WITH SALMONELLA-TYPHI OR SALMONELLA-PARATYPHI IN AN ENDEMIC TYPHOID AREA
    GOTUZZO, E
    FRISANCHO, O
    SANCHEZ, J
    LIENDO, G
    CARRILLO, C
    BLACK, RE
    MORRIS, JG
    [J]. ARCHIVES OF INTERNAL MEDICINE, 1991, 151 (02) : 381 - 382
  • [10] Antimicrobial resistance in developing countries
    Hart, CA
    Kariuki, S
    [J]. BRITISH MEDICAL JOURNAL, 1998, 317 (7159) : 647 - 650