Field Response of Monochamus scutellatus scutellatus and Monochamus notatus (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae) to the Male-Produced Pheromone, 2-(Undecyloxy)-Ethanol, and Host Volatiles

Monochamus scutellatus scutellatus (Say) and Monochamus notatus (Drury) are pests of pines due to their ability to vector pinewood nematode, the causal agent of pine wilt disease. Several species of the genus Monochamus use the male-produced aggregation pheromone monochamol, which could potentially be an important component of lures for monitoring these species. In this study, investigations were conducted to determine if traps baited with monochamol were more attractive to male and female M. s. scutellatus and M. notatus with addition of two host volatiles, alpha-pinene and ethanol. In field tests, traps baited with monochamol + alpha-pinene or monochamol + alpha-pinene + ethanol caught significantly more M. s. scutellatus and M. notatus than either controls or monochamol alone. The mean female to male sex ratios of captured beetles increased with the addition of monochamol to alpha-pinene or alpha-pinene + ethanol for M. s. scutellatus, but only increased for M. notatus when added to alpha-pinene + ethanol. These results indicate monochamol can be utilized in formulating highly attractive lures with host volatiles for detection and monitoring of these species.