Development of a gas chromatography-mass spectrometry method for the determination of pesticides in gaseous and particulate phases in the atmosphere

被引:68
作者
Borras, E. [2 ]
Sanchez, P. [2 ]
Munoz, A. [2 ]
Tortajada-Genaro, L. A. [1 ]
机构
[1] Univ Politecn Valencia, Inst IDM, Dept Quim, Valencia 46022, Spain
[2] Inst Univ Ctr Estudios Ambientales Mediterreineo, Fdn CEAM UMH, Valencia 46980, Spain
关键词
Pesticides; Atmospheric samples; Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry; CURRENTLY USED PESTICIDES; AMBIENT AIR; SAMPLING SITES; INDOOR AIR; FRANCE; URBAN; SPME; CHLORPYRIFOS; DEGRADATION; TRIFLURALIN;
D O I
10.1016/j.aca.2011.05.009
中图分类号
O65 [分析化学];
学科分类号
070302 ; 081704 ;
摘要
A reliable multi-residue method for determining gaseous and particulate phase pesticides in atmospheric samples has been developed. This method, based on full scan gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS), allowed the proper determination of sixteen relevant pesticides, in a wide range of concentrations and without the influence of interferences. The pesticides were benfluralin, bitertanol, buprofezin, chlorfenvinphos, chlorpyrifos, chlorpyrifos-methyl, ethalfluralin, fenthion, lindane, malathion, methidathion, propachlor, propanil, pyriproxifen, tebuconazol and trifluralin. Comparisons of two types of sampling filters (quartz and glass fibre) and four types of solid-phase cartridges (XAD-2, XAD-4, Florisil and Orbo-49P) showed that the most suitable supports were glass fibre filter for particulate pesticides and XAD-2 and XAD-4 cartridges for gaseous pesticides (> 95% recovery). Evaluations of elution solvents for ultrasonic-assisted extraction demonstrated that isooctane is better than ethylacetate, dichloromethane, methanol or a mixture of acetone:hexane (1:1). Recovery assays and the standard addition method were performed to validate the proposed methodology. Moreover, large simulator chamber experiments allowed the best study of the gas-particle partitioning of pesticides for testing the sampling efficiency for the validation of an analytical multiresidue method for pesticides in air. Satisfactory analytical parameters were obtained, with a repeatability of 5 +/- 1%, a reproducibility of 13 +/- 3% and detection limits of 0.05-0.18 pg m(-3) for the particulate phase and 26-88 pg m(-3) for the gaseous phase. Finally, the methodology was successfully applied to rural and agricultural samples in the Mediterranean area. (C) 2011 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
引用
收藏
页码:57 / 65
页数:9
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