Potential-based path planning for robot manipulators in 3-D workspace

A novel collision avoidance algorithm is proposed to solve the path-planning problem of a high DoF robot manipulators in 3-D workspace. The algorithm is based on a generalized potential field model of 3-D workspace. The approach computes, similar to that done in electrostatics, repulsive force and torque between manipulator and obstacles using the workspace information directly. Using these force and torque, a collision-free path of a manipulator can be obtained by locally adjusting the manipulator configuration for minimum potential. The proposed approach is efficient since these potential gradients are analytically tractable. Simulation results show that the proposed algorithm works well, in terms of computation time and collision avoidance, for manipulators up to 6 links.