Synthesis of Amphotericin B Conjugated Chitosan Nanomaterial From Fish Scales and Evaluation of its Antifungal Activity

Nanotechnology deals with the new facets of materials described as nanomaterials which have interesting attributes like large surface area to volume ratio compared to its native form. The goal of this study was to prepare chitosan nanomaterial and Amphotericin B conjugated chitosan nanomaterial from the chitosan polymer extracted from the fish scales. Generally, the rise of antibiotic resistant microorganisms demanded large scale exploitation of these polymeric nanomaterials. The limitations of standard Amphotericin B in terms of its instability issues, poor water solubility, and toxicities are solved by conjugating the drug with pure chitosan nanomaterial. The physicochemical characterization of the fabricated nanomaterials was analyzed using SEM-EDAX, FTIR, XRD, UV-Visible spectroscopy. The mean particle size of CS NM and AmB-conjugated CS NM was found to be 2.5 mu m and 0.19 mu m. Both nanomaterials are spherical shaped and highly stable. In vitro antifungal susceptibility testing using Candida parapsilopsis showed a dose dependent fungicidal activity by both nanomaterials. The antifungal activity was accessed. Additionally, the antibiofilm activity of the prepared nanomaterials was also examined. From the current study Amphotericin B conjugated chitosan nanomaterial manifested a superior antifungal activity compared to the parent nanomaterials.