Self-Organization Processes of Nanostructure Formation by Laser Radiation in Metal

The current state of knowledge about mechanisms of metal nano-particles (NP) formation processes induced by the interaction of high-energy laser beam with surface of the metallic lattices (Au, Ag, Cu) is presented. The review includes an evaluation of the contribution of self-organized effects into the processes of the metal nano-structurization depending on the laser mode, external factors and internal parameters of an active zone. It was noticed that intensive pulsed laser illumination enabled to stimulate nano-fragmentation at the fluencies near and above the melting threshold of the metal in different mediums The laser induced processes of metallic particles formation by ablation of the metal target with consequent NP sizes stabilization by precise temperature tuning in the active zone, local plasmon resonance in liquids, and microablation mechanism in metal films in the conditions of surface plasmon resonance (SPR) due to self-organization effects are considered. Comparative analysis of the laser nano-technologies in air, vacuum, rarefied gas and liquid environments showed the advantages of self-organization in NP generation processes based on the SPR effects and their perspectives.