Construction of antibacterial nano-silver embedded bioactive hydrogel to repair infectious skin defects

Background Hydrogels loaded with antimicrobial agents have been widely used for treating infected wound defects. However, hydrogels derived from a porcine dermal extracellular matrix (PADM), containing silver nanoparticles (AgNPs), have not yet been studied. Therefore, we investigated the therapeutic effect of an AgNP-impregnated PADM (AgNP-PADM) hydrogel on the treatment of infected wounds. Methods An AgNP-PADM hydrogel was synthesized by embedding AgNPs into a PADM hydrogel. We examined the porosity, moisture retention, degradation, antibacterial properties, cytotoxicity, antioxidant properties, and ability of the PADM and AgNP-PADM hydrogels to treat infected wounds in animals. Results The PADM and AgNP-PADM hydrogels were pH sensitive, which made them flow dynamically and solidify under acidic and neutral conditions, respectively. The hydrogels also exhibited porous network structures, satisfactory moisture retention, and slow degradation. Additionally, the AgNP-PADM hydrogel showed a slow and sustained release of AgNPs for at least 7 days without the particle size changing. Thus, the AgNPs exhibited adequate antibacterial ability, negligible toxicity, and antioxidant properties in vitro. Moreover, the AgNP-PADM hydrogel promoted angiogenesis and healed infected skin defects in vivo. Conclusions The AgNP-PADM hydrogel is a promising bioderived antibacterial material for clinical application to infected wound dressings.