Functional modulation of cardiac ATP-sensitive K+ channels

ATP-sensitive K+ (K-ATP) channels are inhibited by intracellular ATP, but MgATP is necessary to maintain the channel activity. Numerous cofactors modulate channel function. K+ channel openers activate and sulfonylureas inhibit K-ATP channels. The structure of cardiac K-ATP channel is a complex of mainly K(IR)6.2 and SUR2a. Activation of cardiac K-ATP channels contributes to action potential shortening during ischemia and plays a role in cardioprotection.