Oedema disease in female camels (Camelus dromedarius) in Bahrain

Oedema disease (bowel oedema, gut oedema, enterotoxaemia), was recorded in Bahrain in female camels (Camelus dromedarius). The slow progressing disease was highly fatal with nearly 90% mortality in affected animals. Only two cases responded to combined treatment with oral, intramuscular and intravenous injection. Etiology and epidemiology of the disease, clinical signs, necropsy and laboratory findings, diagnosis, treatment and control measures are described. Results are discussed and conclusions are drawn.