Methodology for Measurement of Ammonia Emissions from Intensive Pig Farming

被引:4
作者
Kriz, Pavel [1 ,2 ]
Kunes, Radim [1 ]
Smutny, Lubos [1 ]
Cerny, Pavel [1 ,2 ]
Havelka, Zbynek [1 ]
Olsan, Pavel [1 ]
Xiao, Maohua [3 ]
Stehlik, Radim [1 ]
Dolan, Antonin [1 ]
Bartos, Petr [1 ,2 ]
机构
[1] Univ South Bohemia, Dept Agr Machinery & Serv, Fac Agr, Studentska 1668, Ceske Budejovice 37005, Czech Republic
[2] Univ South Bohemia, Dept Appl Phys & Technol, Fac Educ, Jeronymova 10, Ceske Budejovice 37115, Czech Republic
[3] Nanjing Agr Univ, Coll Engn, Nanjing 210031, Peoples R China
来源
AGRICULTURE-BASEL | 2021年 / 11卷 / 11期
关键词
Innova; 1412; NH3; welfare; microclimatic conditions; livestock; environment; INDOOR AIR-QUALITY; VENTILATION SYSTEM; NITROUS-OXIDE; HUMAN HEALTH; VOLATILIZATION; SLURRY; NH3;
D O I
10.3390/agriculture11111073
中图分类号
S3 [农学(农艺学)];
学科分类号
0901 ;
摘要
Determination of ammonia (NH3) emissions for intensive livestock facilities (pork, poultry) is important from both a regulatory and a research point of view. Buildings housing livestock are a large source of ammonia emissions from the agriculture sector. However, measurements to determine emissions can be time-consuming and costly. Therefore, it is essential to find a suitable methodology for monitoring NH3. The methodology for determining NH3 emissions is legislatively unified in terms of sampling methodology, including sampling time (24 h), sampling points (input/output), number of sampling days, and their distribution during the year, and to determine only a general calculation of the annual average NH3 emissions. For this reason, the researchers chose different approaches for the calculation of NH3 emissions, and these approaches are not unified. Based on accurate monitoring and created models, the authors proposed a methodology for calculation of NH3 emissions, which divides the 24 h measurement into time windows (30 min), from which the arithmetic mean and standard deviation are determined, and the total emissions for one year is determined. The chosen time windows for the partial calculation are important from the point of view of reflecting the microclimatic conditions inside the stable and the device limits for sampling the NH3 concentration and airflow.
引用
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页数:15
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