Regional specialization in China's biopharmaceutical industry

Purpose - The purpose of this paper is to explore patterns as well as determinants of regional specialisation in China's biopharmaceutical industry. It identifies and characterizes different types of enterprises engaged in the biopharmaceutical sector in terms of their business organisation and regional set up. Design/methodology/approach - Based on data compilations not yet employed in academic analysis as well as personal interviews in China, structural determinants and driving forces of development are analysed against the background of the innovation systems literature. Findings - The geography of innovation in China's biopharmaceutical industry is determined by both, government policy and the strategic location decisions of entrepreneurs. While local-government support of firm clustering has contributed to a dispersion of industrial activity throughout China, the firms" networks are spanning clusters. Effectively, domestic firms are turning into multi-regional companies locating activities such as R&D and manufacturing at different clusters. Originality/value - The paper adds to the literature in so far as it throws light on an until now under-researched field of China's innovation system. It identifies the concept of multi-regionalism among domestic non-state enterprises as an important parameter for understanding success and regional distribution of the industry.