The Evolution of Adjuvant Therapy for Melanoma

Purpose of Review The past decade has been a time of remarkable advancement in the field of adjuvant therapy for patients with resected high-risk melanoma. Here, we review the data for adjuvant melanoma and raise questions about the best choice of therapy for an individual patient. Recent Findings There have been several new adjuvant approvals including immunotherapy and targeted therapy approaches. Nivolumab is approved for patients with nodal involvement or metastatic disease after resection. Pembrolizumab is approved for patients with nodal involvement after resection. In addition, the combination of dabrafenib and trametinib is approved in patients' nodal involvement after resection whose tumors harbor BRAF(V600E/K) mutations. New therapeutic opportunities have provided promising options for patients with high-risk disease. These advances have significantly challenged the previous standard-of-care for this population of patients. Data is still forthcoming regarding durability of benefit and safety of these new treatments.