Aortoesophageal fistula following endovascular exclusion of a thoracic aneurysm

The aim of this study was to report a case of aortoesophageal fistula following endovascular exclusion of a thoracic aneurysm, treated conservatively with fatal outcome. Endovascular exclusion of a thoracic aneurysm was performed in a 64-year-old female patient. Three months later the diagnosis of an aortoesophageal fistula was made and minimal surgery (cervicotomy and jejunostomy) was performed, combined with antibiotherapy and catheter flushing of the infected excluded aneurysm thrombus. The patient died in septic shock 9 weeks later. As reported, following conventional thoracic aortic aneurysm surgery, endovascular stenting of the thoracic aorta can be complicated by aortoesophageal. fistula. Management should be surgical, since the outcome under conservative management seems invariably fatal. However, it looks as if the poor condition of these patients may not permit open surgical treatment.