Systematic Review and Meta-analyses: Dietary Behavior Interventions in Non-dialysis Chronic Kidney Disease

Evidence of the effectiveness of dietary behavior interventions in patients with non-dialysis chronic kidney disease is limited. We aim to determine the benefits and barriers of dietary behavior interventions for this population. Eligible studies were obtained from databases including PubMed, Embase, the Cochrane Library, Web of Science, and CINAHL. Six studies including 432 participants were identified. Overall, dietary behavior interventions significant improved adherence to protein intake (2.64, 95% CI 1.33, 5.23, I-2 = 0) and renal function (eGFR) (2.97, 95% CI 2.59, 3.35, I-2 = 0). Moreover, dietary behavior interventions indicated a significant opportunity to promote adherence to sodium-restricted diets (SRD), blood pressure (BP), self-efficacy, and quality of life (QoL) in non-dialysis CKD patients. However, there is still need to determine dietary behavior intervention programs in large sample and amount of studies, develop reliable instruments to measure dietary adherence, and thereafter, provide more reliable results for clinical practice.