Natural rewards, neuroplasticity, and non-drug addictions

被引:181
作者
Olsen, Christopher M. [1 ,2 ,3 ]
机构
[1] Vanderbilt Univ, Sch Med, RRB, Dept Mol Physiol & Biophys, Nashville, TN 37232 USA
[2] Vanderbilt Univ, Sch Med, Ctr Mol Neurosci, Nashville, TN 37232 USA
[3] Vanderbilt Univ, Sch Med, JF Kennedy Ctr Res Human Dev, Nashville, TN 37232 USA
关键词
Novelty seeking; Addiction; Motivation; Reinforcement; Behavioral addiction; Plasticity; ADULT HIPPOCAMPAL NEUROGENESIS; CONDITIONED PLACE PREFERENCE; MEDIAL PREFRONTAL CORTEX; OPPONENT-PROCESS THEORY; FEMALE SYRIAN-HAMSTERS; EXCESSIVE SUGAR INTAKE; CORTICOTROPIN-RELEASING-FACTOR; INCENTIVE-SENSITIZATION THEORY; VENTRAL STRIATAL DOPAMINE; CUE-INDUCED REINSTATEMENT;
D O I
10.1016/j.neuropharm.2011.03.010
中图分类号
Q189 [神经科学];
学科分类号
071006 ;
摘要
There is a high degree of overlap between brain regions involved in processing natural rewards and drugs of abuse. "Non-drug" or "behavioral" addictions have become increasingly documented in the clinic, and pathologies include compulsive activities such as shopping, eating, exercising, sexual behavior, and gambling. Like drug addiction, non-drug addictions manifest in symptoms including craving, impaired control over the behavior, tolerance, withdrawal, and high rates of relapse. These alterations in behavior suggest that plasticity may be occurring in brain regions associated with drug addiction. In this review, I summarize data demonstrating that exposure to non-drug rewards can alter neural plasticity in regions of the brain that are affected by drugs of abuse. Research suggests that there are several similarities between neuroplasticity induced by natural and drug rewards and that, depending on the reward, repeated exposure to natural rewards might induce neuroplasticity that either promotes or counteracts addictive behavior. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled 'Synaptic Plasticity and Addiction'. (C) 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
引用
收藏
页码:1109 / 1122
页数:14
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