Physiological roles for butyrylcholinesterase: A BChE-ghrelin axis

被引:80
作者
Brimijoin, Stephen [1 ]
Chen, Vicky Ping [1 ]
Pang, Yuan-Ping [1 ]
Geng, Liyi [1 ]
Gao, Yang [1 ]
机构
[1] Mayo Clin, Dept Mol Pharmacol & Expt Therapeut, 200 First St SW, Rochester, MN 55905 USA
关键词
Butyrylcholinesterase; Ghrelin; Obesity; Aggression; Growth hormone secretagogue receptor; GROWTH-HORMONE; KNOCKOUT MOUSE; PITUITARY; GOAT; CHOLINESTERASE; IDENTIFICATION; SECRETION; SURVIVAL; RECEPTOR; WEIGHT;
D O I
10.1016/j.cbi.2016.02.013
中图分类号
Q5 [生物化学]; Q7 [分子生物学];
学科分类号
071010 ; 081704 ;
摘要
Butyrylcholinesterase (BChE) has long been regarded as an "orphan enzyme" with no specific physiological role other than to metabolize exogenous bioactive esters in the diet or in medicines. Human beings with genetic mutations that eliminate all BChE activity appear completely normal, and BChE-knockout mice have been described as "lacking a phenotype" except for faster weight gain on high-fat diets. However, our recent studies with viral gene transfer of BChE in mice reveal that BChE hydrolyzes the so-called "hunger hormone," ghrelin, at a rate which strongly affects the circulating levels of this peptide hormone. This action has important consequences for weight gain and fat metabolism. Surprisingly, it also impacts emotional behaviors such as aggression. Overexpression of BChE leads to low ghrelin levels in the blood stream and reduces aggression and social stress in mice. Under certain circumstances these combined effects contribute to increased life-span in group-housed animals. These findings may generalize to humans, as recent clinical studies by multiple investigators indicate that, among patients with severe cardiovascular disease, longevity correlates with increasing levels of plasma BChE activity. (C) 2016 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.
引用
收藏
页码:271 / 275
页数:5
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