A compact quadrature hybrid based on high-pass and low-pass lumped elements

In this letter, a novel compact quadrature hybrid using low-pass and high-pass lumped elements is proposed. This proposed topology enables significant circuit size reduction in comparison with former approaches applying microstrip branch line or Lange couplers. In addition, it provides wider bandwidth in terms of operational frequency, and provides more convenience to the monolithic microwave integrated circuit layout since it does not have any bulky via holes as compared to those with lumped elements that have been published. In addition, the simulation and measurement of the fabricated hybrid implemented using PHEMT processes are evidently good. With the operational bandwidth ranging from 25 to 30 GHz, the measured results of the return loss are better than 17.6 dB, and the insertion losses of coupled and direct ports are approximately 3.4 +/- 0.7 dB, while the relative phase difference is approximately 92.3 +/- 1.4 degrees. The core dimension of the circuit is 0.4 mm * 0.15 mm.