Pharmacological activities and mechanisms of natural phenylpropanoid glycosides

The pharmacological activities and mechanisms of action of natural phenylpropanoid glycosides extracted from a variety of plants are summarized in this review, such as antitumor, antivirus, anti-inflammation, antibacteria, antiartherosclerosis, anti-platelet-aggregation, antilhypertension, antifatigue, analgesia, hepatoprotection, immunosuppression, protection of sex and learning behavior, protection of neurodegeneration, reverse transformation of tumor cells, inhibition of telomerase and shortening telomere length in tumor cells, effects on enzymes and cytokines, antioxidation, free radical scavenging and fast repair of oxidative damaged DNA. Molecular modeling is discussed as well as structure-activity relationships.