Norwegian translation and validation of a routine outcomes monitoring measure: The treatment outcome package

To evaluate the factor structure and clinical validity of a Norwegian translation of the treatment outcome package (TOP). Exploratory factor analysis was used to confirm the factor structure of the TOP (n = 334). Samples collected from university students (n = 137) were used to evaluate 1-week test-retest reliability. Concurrent validity was examined using data collected from a hospital sample (n = 197), who completed several referent measures. Logistic regression (n = 293) was applied to determine the translated TOP's ability to differentiate between clinical and non-clinical samples. A 12-factor solution was the best-fit for the data, largely supporting the US TOP structure. One-week test-retest reliability ranged from ICC = 0.56 to ICC = 1.00. Internal validity ranged from alpha = 0.49 to alpha = 0.93. The TOP subscales correlated most highly with referent measures or appropriate subscales. Logistic regressions correctly identified 77% of subjects as clinical or non-clinical. Conclusions: While larger and more representative samples may be necessary to fully explore the factor structure, the validity and reliability data indicate that the Norwegian version appears to be assessing similar areas of distress and functioning as the original. The translated TOP appears appropriate for clinical use.