Reshaping of Italian Echocardiographic Laboratories Activities during the Second Wave of COVID-19 Pandemic and Expectations for the Post-Pandemic Era

被引：16

作者：

Ciampi, Quirino ^{[1
]}

Antonini-Canterin, Francesco ^{[2
]}

Barbieri, Andrea ^{[3
]}

Barchitta, Agata ^{[4
]}

Benedetto, Frank ^{[5
]}

Cresti, Alberto ^{[6
]}

Miceli, Sofia ^{[7
]}

Monte, Ines ^{[8
]}

Petrella, Licia ^{[9
]}

Trocino, Giuseppe ^{[10
]}

Aquila, Iolanda ^{[11
]}

Barbati, Giovanni ^{[12
]}

Barletta, Valentina ^{[13
]}

Barone, Daniele ^{[14
]}

Beraldi, Monica ^{[15
]}

Bergandi, Gianluigi ^{[16
]}

Bilardo, Giuseppe ^{[17
]}

Boriani, Giuseppe ^{[3
]}

Bossone, Eduardo ^{[18
]}

Bongarzoni, Amedeo ^{[19
]}

Bovolato, Francesca Elisa ^{[20
]}

Bursi, Francesca ^{[21
]}

Cammalleri, Valeria ^{[22
]}

Carbonella, Marco ^{[23
]}

Casavecchia, Grazia ^{[24
]}

Cicco, Sebastiano ^{[25
]}

Cioffi, Giovanni ^{[26
]}

Cocchia, Rosangela ^{[18
]}

Colonna, Paolo ^{[27
]}

Cortigiani, Lauro ^{[28
]}

Cucchini, Umberto ^{[29
]}

D'Alfonso, Maria Grazia ^{[30
]}

D'Andrea, Antonello ^{[31
]}

Dell'Angela, Luca ^{[32
]}

Dentamaro, Ilaria ^{[33
]}

De Paolis, Marcella ^{[34
]}

De Stefanis, Paola ^{[35
]}

Deste, Wanda ^{[8
]}

Di Fulvio, Maria ^{[36
]}

Di Giannuario, Giovanna ^{[37
]}

Di Lisi, Daniela ^{[38
]}

Di Nora, Concetta ^{[39
]}

Fabiani, Iacopo ^{[40
]}

Esposito, Roberta ^{[41
]}

Fazzari, Fabio ^{[42
]}

Ferrara, Luigi ^{[43
]}

Filice, Gemma ^{[44
]}

Forno, Davide ^{[45
]}

Giorgi, Mauro ^{[46
]}

Giustiniano, Enrico ^{[47
]}

机构：

[1] Fatebenefratelli Hosp, Div Cardiol, Viale Principe Napoli 12, I-82100 Benevento, Italy

[2] Rehabil Hosp High Special, Rehabil Cardiol, I-31045 Motta Di Livenza, Italy

[3] Univ Hosp Modena Policlin, Cardiol Div, I-41125 Modena, Italy

[4] Azienda Osped Padova, Emergency Med Div, I-35128 Padua, Italy

[5] Metropolitano Hosp Bianchi Melacrino Morelli, Cardiol Div, I-89124 Reggio Di Calabria, Italy

[6] Misericordia Hosp, Cardiol Div, I-58100 Grosseto, Italy

[7] Univ Hosp Mater Domini, Geriatr Div, I-88100 Catanzaro, Italy

[8] Univ Catania, Univ Hosp Policlin, Cardiol Div, I-95124 Catania, Italy

[9] Civil Hosp G Mazzini, Cardiol Div, I-64100 Teramo, Italy

[10] St Gerardo Hosp, Cardiol Div, I-20900 Monza, Italy

[11] Univ Hosp Mater Domini, Cardiol Div, I-88100 Catanzaro, Italy

[12] San Bortolo Hosp, Cardiol Div, I-36100 Vicenza, Italy

[13] Pisa Univ Hosp, Cardiac Vasc Thorac Dept, Cardiol Div 2, I-56124 Pisa, Italy

[14] S Andrea Hosp, Cardiol Div, I-19121 La Spezia, Italy

[15] ASST Mantova, Cardiol Div, I-46100 Mantua, Italy

[16] Civil Hosp, Cardiol Div, I-10015 Ivrea, Italy

[17] Civil Hosp, Cardiol Div, I-32032 Feltre, Italy

[18] Cardarelli Hosp, Cardiol Div, I-80131 Naples, Italy

[19] ASST San Carlo, Cardiol Div, San Carlo Unit, San Paolo Hosp, I-20123 Milan, Italy

[20] Osped Riuniti Padova Sud ULSS Euganea, Cardiol Div, I-35131 Padua, Italy

[21] ASST Santi Paolo & Carlo, San Paolo Hosp, Cardiol Div, San Paolo Unit,Univ Ctr, I-20142 Milan, Italy

[22] Univ Hosp Policlin Tor Vergata, Cardiol Div, I-00133 Rome, Italy

[23] SS Maria Addolorata Hosp, Cardiol Div, I-84025 Eboli, Italy

[24] Riuniti Hosp, Cardiol Div, I-71122 Foggia, Italy

[25] Policlin Hosp, Internal Med Div, I-70124 Bari, Italy

[26] San Pancrazio Arco di Trento Hosp, Cardiol Div, I-38062 Arco Di Trento, Italy

[27] Policlin Hosp, Cardiol Div, I-70124 Bari, Italy

[28] San Luca Hosp, Cardiol Div, I-55100 Lucca, Italy

[29] San Bassiano Hosp, Cardiol Div, I-36061 Bassano Del Grappa, Italy

[30] Careggi Hosp, Noninvas Cardiovasc Diagnost Div, I-50139 Florence, Italy

[31] Umberto I Hosp, Cardiol Div, I-84014 Nocera Inferiore, Italy

[32] Gorizia Monfalcone Hosp, Cardiol Div, I-34170 Gorizia, Italy

[33] Miulli Hosp, Cardiol Div, I-70021 Acquaviva Delle Fonti, Italy

[34] Santa Maria Hosp, Cardiol Div, I-05100 Terni, Italy

[35] San Luigi Gonzaga Univ Hosp, Cardiol Div, I-10043 Orbassano, Italy

[36] Clinicizzato Hosp, Cardiol Div, I-66100 Chieti, Italy

[37] Infermi Hosp, Cardiol Div, I-47923 Rimini, Italy

[38] Policlin Hosp, Cardiol Div, I-90127 Palermo, Italy

[39] Univ Hosp, Cardiol Div, I-33100 Udine, Italy

[40] Fdn Gabriele Monasterio, Cardiol & Cardiovasc Med Div, I-56124 Pisa, Italy

[41] Federico II Univ Hosp, Internal Med Div, I-80138 Naples, Italy

[42] Humanitas Clin & Res Ctr, Echocardiog Div, I-20089 Rozzano, Italy

[43] Villa Dei Fiori Clin, Cardiol Div, I-80011 Acerra, Italy

[44] Annunziata Hosp, Cardiol Div, I-87100 Cosenza, Italy

[45] Maria Vittoria Hosp, Cardiol Div, I-10144 Turin, Italy

[46] Citt Sci & Salute Hosp, Cardiol Div, I-10126 Turin, Italy

[47] Humanitas Clin & Res Ctr, Dept Anesthesiol, I-20089 Rozzano, Italy

[48] Vito Fazzi Hosp, Cardiac Surg Div, I-73100 Lecce, Italy

[49] Maugeri Clin, Cardiol Div, I-82037 Telese, Italy

[50] St Anna & San Sebastiano Hosp, Cardiol Div, I-81100 Caserta, Italy

来源：

JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE | 2021年 / 10卷 / 16期

关键词：

COVID-19; point-of-care cardiac ultrasound; lung ultrasound; ULTRASOUND; LOCKDOWN; DISEASE;

D O I：

10.3390/jcm10163466

中图分类号：

R5 [内科学];

学科分类号：

1002 ; 100201 ;

摘要：

Background: Cardiology divisions reshaped their activities during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. This study aimed to analyze the organization of echocardiographic laboratories and echocardiography practice during the second wave of the COVID-19 pandemic in Italy, and the expectations for the post-COVID era. Methods: We analyzed two different time periods: the month of November during the second wave of the COVID-19 pandemic (2020) and the identical month during 2019 (November 2019). Results: During the second wave of the COVID-19 pandemic, the hospital activity was partially reduced in 42 (60%) and wholly interrupted in 3 (4%) echocardiographic laboratories, whereas outpatient echocardiographic activity was partially reduced in 41 (59%) and completely interrupted in 7 (10%) laboratories. We observed an important change in the organization of activities in the echocardiography laboratory which reduced the operator-risk and improved self-protection of operators by using appropriate personal protection equipment. Operators wore FFP2 in 58 centers (83%) during trans-thoracic echocardiography (TTE), in 65 centers (93%) during transesophageal echocardiography (TEE) and 63 centers (90%) during stress echocardiography. The second wave caused a significant reduction in number of echocardiographic exams, compared to November 2019 (from 513 +/- 539 to 341 +/- 299 exams per center, -34%, p < 0.001). On average, there was a significant increase in the outpatient waiting list for elective echocardiographic exams (from 32.0 +/- 28.1 to 45.5 +/- 44.9 days, +41%, p < 0.001), with a reduction of in-hospital waiting list (2.9 +/- 2.4 to 2.4 +/- 2.0 days, -17%, p < 0.001). We observed a large diffusion of point-of-care cardiac ultrasound (88%), with a significant increase of lung ultrasound usage in 30 centers (43%) during 2019, extended to all centers in 2020. Carbon dioxide production by examination is an indicator of the environmental impact of technology (100-fold less with echocardiography compared to other cardiac imaging techniques). It was ignored in 2019 by 100% of centers, and currently it is considered potentially crucial for decision-making in cardiac imaging by 65 centers (93%). Conclusions: In one year, major changes occurred in echocardiography practice and culture. The examination structure changed with extensive usage of point-of-care cardiac ultrasound and with lung ultrasound embedded by default in the TTE examination, as well as the COVID-19 testing.

引用

页数：9

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