Evaluation of debridement effects of bromelain-loaded sodium alginate nanoparticles incorporated into chitosan hydrogel in animal models

Objective(s): Bromelain, a mixture of proteolytic enzymes from pineapple (Ananas comosus) is known as a potential debriding agent in burn treatment. In this research, the debridement efficiency of chitosan hydrogel loaded by sodium alginate-chitosan nanoparticles (NPs) containing bromelain (Br 10%-AG-CS NPs) was evaluated in animal models. Materials and Methods: The NPs were prepared using the ionic gelation technique and their properties were identified. Then, the debridement effect of bromelain NPs incorporated into chitosan hydrogel was evaluated 4 hr after wound treatment in animal models. Results: The particle size of positively charged Br-AG-Cs NPs was about 390 +/- 25 nm. The encapsulation efficiency of bromelain into AG-CS NPs was about 92%. The in vitro release profile showed that the maximum release of bromelain from NPs occurred during the first 4 hr (70%). The hydrogel structure did not significantly affect the profile release of bromelain in the formulation. After 6 months of storage at 4 and 25 degrees C, the synthesized NPs indicated no significant changes in bromelain activity. It was found that Br 10%-Ag-Cs NPs-CS hydrogel had the most beneficial effects on reducing necrotic tissues and resulted in re-epithelialization compared with other treated groups (negative and positive control, CS hydrogel, and Br 10%-CS hydrogel). Conclusion: Therefore, using this novel formulation can be considered a potential debridement agent.