Performance of transverse joint grout materials in full-depth precast concrete bridge deck systems

Over the past three decades, bridge deck construction using precast concrete components has become the system of choice for contractors and transportation officials. This preference for precast concrete systems is due to the rapid erection of its relatively lightweight components, reduction in overall mobilization and equipment costs, and structural durability. While precast concrete panels perform well under large and highly repetitive loadings, the grouted joints between concrete panels can become problematic. This paper evaluates the performance of four different grout materials in precast concrete deck systems; these are Set Grout, Set 45 for normal temperatures, Set 45 for hot weather, and polymer concrete. A total of 36 full-scale specimens were fabricated and tested for vertical shear, direct tension, and flexural capacity. Polymer concrete was found to be the best material for transverse joints in terms of strength, bond, and mode of failure. However, the use of Set Grout is recommended in transverse deck joints due to its ease of use and satisfactory performance. In special cases where the joint is subjected to excessive stresses or quick resumption of traffic is critical, the proper application of the more expensive polymer concrete is recommended.