Neuroimaging in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis

被引:1
作者
Turner, Martin R. [1 ]
Agosta, Federica [2 ]
Bede, Peter [3 ]
Govind, Varan [4 ]
Lule, Dorothee [5 ]
Verstraete, Esther [6 ]
机构
[1] Univ Oxford, Nuffield Dept Clin Neurosci, Oxford, England
[2] Univ Vita Salute San Raffaele, Neuroimaging Res Unit, Dept Neurol, Inst Expt Neurol,Div Neurosci, Milan, Italy
[3] Trinity Coll Dublin, Inst Neurosci, Dublin, Ireland
[4] Univ Miami, Dept Radiol, Miami, FL USA
[5] Univ Ulm, Dept Neurol, D-7900 Ulm, Germany
[6] Univ Med Ctr Utrecht, Rudolf Magnus Inst Neurosci, Utrecht, Netherlands
基金
英国医学研究理事会;
关键词
diffusion tensor imaging; functional imaging; magnetic resonance spectroscopy; morphometry; motor neuron disease; MRI; PET; resting state; DIFFUSION TENSOR MRI; VOXEL-BASED MORPHOMETRY; MAGNETIC-RESONANCE-SPECTROSCOPY; MOTOR-NEURON DISEASE; CORTICOSPINAL TRACT DEGENERATION; STATE FUNCTIONAL CONNECTIVITY; BRAIN STRUCTURAL NETWORKS; WHITE-MATTER INVOLVEMENT; CERVICAL-SPINAL CORD; IN-VIVO;
D O I
10.2217/BMM.12.26
中图分类号
R-3 [医学研究方法]; R3 [基础医学];
学科分类号
1001 ;
摘要
The catastrophic system failure in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis is characterized by progressive neurodegeneration within the corticospinal tracts, brainstem nuclei and spinal cord anterior horns, with an extra-motor pathology that has overlap with frontotemporal dementia. The development of computed tomography and, even more so, MRI has brought insights into neurological disease, previously only available through post-mortem study. Although largely research-based, radionuclide imaging has continued to provide mechanistic insights into neurodegenerative disorders. The evolution of MRI to use advanced sequences highly sensitive to cortical and white matter structure, parenchymal metabolites and blood flow, many of which are now applicable to the spinal cord as well as the brain, make it a uniquely valuable tool for the study of a multisystem disorder such as amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. This comprehensive review considers the full range of neuroimaging techniques applied to amyotrophic lateral sclerosis over the last 25 years, the biomarkers they have revealed and future developments.
引用
收藏
页码:319 / 337
页数:19
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