Optical and radio variability of the northern VHE gamma-ray emitting BL Lacertae objects

被引:30
作者
Lindfors, E. J. [1 ,2 ]
Hovatta, T. [3 ,4 ]
Nilsson, K. [2 ]
Reinthal, R. [1 ]
Ramazani, V. Fallah [1 ]
Pavlidou, V. [5 ,6 ,7 ]
Max-Moerbeck, W. [8 ]
Richards, J. [9 ]
Berdyugin, A. [1 ]
Takalo, L. [1 ]
Sillanpaa, A. [1 ]
Readhead, A. C. S.
机构
[1] Univ Turku, Tuorla Observ, Dept Phys & Astron, Turku 20014, Finland
[2] Univ Turku, Finnish Ctr Astron ESO FINCA, Vaisalantie 20, Piikkio 21500, Finland
[3] Aalto Univ, Metsahovi Radio Observ, Metsahovintie 114, Kylmala, Finland
[4] Aalto Univ, Dept Radio Sci & Engn, POB 13000, Aalto 00076, Finland
[5] Fdn Res & Technol Hellas, IESL, Iraklion 7110, Greece
[6] Univ Crete, Dept Phys, Iraklion 71003, Greece
[7] Univ Crete, Inst Plasma Phys, Iraklion 71003, Greece
[8] Max Planck Inst Radioastron, Hugel 69, D-53121 Bonn, Germany
[9] CALTECH, Cahill Ctr Astron & Astrophys, 1200 E Calif Blvd, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA
基金
芬兰科学院;
关键词
galaxies: active; BL Lacertae objects: general; galaxies: jets; ACTIVE GALACTIC NUCLEI; LARGE-AREA TELESCOPE; BLAZAR PKS 1424+240; ALL-SKY SURVEY; MULTIWAVELENGTH OBSERVATIONS; MAGIC TELESCOPES; HOST GALAXIES; LIGHT CURVES; LAC OBJECTS; PG 1553+113;
D O I
10.1051/0004-6361/201628420
中图分类号
P1 [天文学];
学科分类号
0704 ;
摘要
We compare the variability properties of very high energy gamma-ray emitting BL Lac objects in the optical and radio bands. We use variability information to distinguish multiple emission components in the jet, to be used as a guidance for spectral energy distribution modelling. Our sample includes 32 objects in the northern sky for which we have data for at least two years in both bands. We use optical R-band data from the Tuorla blazar monitoring program and 15 GHz radio data from the Owens Valley Radio Observatory blazar monitoring program. We estimate the variability amplitudes using the intrinsic modulation index, and study the time-domain connection by cross-correlating the optical and radio light curves assuming power law power spectral density. Our sample objects are in general more variable in the optical than radio. We find correlated flares in about half of the objects, and correlated long-term trends in more than 40% of the objects. In these objects we estimate that at least 10-50% of the optical emission originates in the same emission region as the radio, while the other half is due to faster variations not seen in the radio. This implies that simple single-zone spectral energy distribution models are not adequate for many of these objects.
引用
收藏
页数:25
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