Mesoscopic gap fluctuations in an unconventional superconductor

We study mesoscopic disorder fluctuations in an anisotropic gap superconductor, which lead to the spatial variations of the local pairing temperature and formation of superconducting islands above the mean-field transition. We derive the probability distribution function of the pairing temperatures and superconducting gaps. It is shown that above the mean-field transition, a disordered BCS superconductor with an unusual pairing symmetry is described by a network of superconducting islands and metallic regions with a strongly suppressed density of states due to superconducting fluctuations. We argue that the phenomena associated with mesoscopic disorder fluctuations may also be relevant to the high-temperature superconductors, in particular, to recent scanning tunnel microscope (STM) experiments, where gap inhomogeneities have been explicitly observed. It is suggested that the gap fluctuations in the pseudogap phase should be directly related to the corresponding fluctuations of the pairing temperature.