Expertise in research integration and implementation for tackling complex problems: when is it needed, where can it be found and how can it be strengthened?

被引：125

作者：

Bammer, Gabriele ^{[1
,2
]}

O'Rourke, Michael ^{[3
,4
]}

O'Connell, Deborah ^{[5
]}

Neuhauser, Linda ^{[6
]}

Midgley, Gerald ^{[7
,8
,9
,10
,11
,12
]}

Klein, Julie Thompson ^{[13
,14
]}

Grigg, Nicola J. ^{[5
]}

Gadlin, Howard

Elsum, Ian R. ^{[15
,16
]}

Bursztyn, Marcel ^{[17
,18
]}

Fulton, Elizabeth A. ^{[19
,20
]}

Pohl, Christian ^{[14
,21
]}

Smithson, Michael ^{[22
]}

Vilsmaier, Ulli ^{[23
]}

Bergmann, Matthias ^{[24
,25
]}

Jaeger, Jill

Merkx, Femke ^{[26
]}

Baptista, Bianca Vienni ^{[14
]}

Burgman, Mark A. ^{[27
]}

Walker, Daniel H. ^{[28
]}

Young, John ^{[29
]}

Bradbury, Hilary ^{[30
]}

Crawford, Lynn ^{[31
,32
,33
]}

Haryanto, Budi ^{[34
]}

Pachanee, Cha-aim ^{[35
]}

Polk, Merritt ^{[36
]}

Richardson, George P. ^{[37
]}

机构：

[1] Australian Natl Univ, Res Sch Populat Hlth, Canberra, ACT, Australia

[2] Inst Adv Sustainabil Studies, Potsdam, Germany

[3] Michigan State Univ, Ctr Interdisciplinar, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA

[4] Michigan State Univ, Dept Philosophy, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA

[5] CSIRO Land & Water, Canberra, ACT, Australia

[6] Univ Calif Berkeley, Sch Publ Hlth, Hlth Res Act Ctr, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA

[7] Univ Hull, Business Sch, Ctr Syst Studies, Kingston Upon Hull, N Humberside, England

[8] Malardalen Univ, Sch Innovat Design & Engn, Eskilstuna, Sweden

[9] Victoria Univ Wellington, Victoria Business Sch, Wellington, New Zealand

[10] Univ Canterbury, Sch Polit & Social Sci, Christchurch, New Zealand

[11] Univ Queensland, Sch Agr & Food Sci, Brisbane, Qld, Australia

[12] Linnaeus Univ, Fac Technol, Lnformat Dept, Vaxjo, Sweden

[13] Wayne State Univ, Dept English, Detroit, MI USA

[14] Swiss Fed Inst Technol, Dept Environm Syst Sci, Transdisciplinar Lab, Zurich, Switzerland

[15] Australian Natl Univ, Res Sch Management, Canberra, ACT, Australia

[16] Swinburne Univ Technol, Ctr Transformat Innovat, Melbourne, Vic, Australia

[17] Univ Brasilia, Ctr Sustainable Dev, Brasilia, DF, Brazil

[18] INCT Odisseia Observ Socioenvironm Dynam, Brasilia, DF, Brazil

[19] CSIRO Oceans & Atmosphere, Hobart, Tas, Australia

[20] Univ Tasmania, Ctr Marine Socioecol, Hobart, Tas, Australia

[21] Swiss Acad Arts & Sci, Td Net, Bern, Switzerland

[22] Australian Natl Univ, Res Sch Psychol, Canberra, ACT, Australia

[23] Leuphana Univ Lueneburg, Inst Philosophy & Sci, Art & Methodol Ctr, Luneburg, Germany

[24] Inst Social Ecol Res, Frankfurt, Germany

[25] Leuphana Univ Lueneburg, Inst Eth & Transdisciplinary Sustainabil Res, Luneburg, Germany

[26] Kenniscocreatie Onderzoek & Advies, The Hague, Netherlands

[27] Imperial Coll London, Ctr Environm Policy, London, England

[28] Australian Ctr Int Agr Res, Canberra, ACT, Australia

[29] INASP, Oxford, England

[30] Act Res Plus Fdn AR, Portland, OR USA

[31] Univ Sydney, Fac Engn, Sydney, NSW, Australia

[32] Cranfield Univ, Sch Management, Cranfield, Beds, England

[33] Bond Univ, Fac Soc & Design, Gold Coast, Qld, Australia

[34] Univ Indonesia, Dept Environm Hlth, Depok, West Java, Indonesia

[35] Minist Publ Hlth, Int Hlth Policy Program, Nonthaburi, Thailand

[36] Univ Gothenburg, Sch Global Studies, Gothenburg, Sweden

[37] SUNY Albany, Rockefeller Coll Publ Affairs & Policy, Albany, NY 12222 USA

来源：

PALGRAVE COMMUNICATIONS | 2020年 / 6卷 / 1期

基金：

澳大利亚研究理事会;

关键词：

SUSTAINABILITY SCIENCE; INTERDISCIPLINARY; PROJECT; WORK;

D O I：

10.1057/s41599-019-0380-0

中图分类号：

C [社会科学总论];

学科分类号：

03 ; 0303 ;

摘要：

Expertise in research integration and implementation is an essential but often overlooked component of tackling complex societal and environmental problems. We focus on expertise relevant to any complex problem, especially contributory expertise, divided into 'knowing-that' and 'knowing-how.' We also deal with interactional expertise and the fact that much expertise is tacit. We explore three questions. First, in examining 'when is expertise in research integration and implementation required?,' we review tasks essential (a) to developing more comprehensive understandings of complex problems, plus possible ways to address them, and (b) for supporting implementation of those understandings into government policy, community practice, business and social innovation, or other initiatives. Second, in considering 'where can expertise in research integration and implementation currently be found?,' we describe three realms: (a) specific approaches, including interdisciplinarity, transdisciplinarity, systems thinking and sustainability science; (b) case-based experience that is independent of these specific approaches; and (c) research examining elements of integration and implementation, specifically considering unknowns and fostering innovation. We highlight examples of expertise in each realm and demonstrate how fragmentation currently precludes clear identification of research integration and implementation expertise. Third, in exploring 'what is required to strengthen expertise in research integration and implementation?,' we propose building a knowledge bank. We delve into three key challenges: compiling existing expertise, indexing and organising the expertise to make it widely accessible, and understanding and overcoming the core reasons for the existing fragmentation. A growing knowledge bank of expertise in research integration and implementation on the one hand, and accumulating success in addressing complex societal and environmental problems on the other, will form a virtuous cycle so that each strengthens the other. Building a coalition of researchers and institutions will ensure this expertise and its application are valued and sustained.

引用

页数：16

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