Universal fluctuations of the random lasing threshold in a sample of a finite area

We consider the random lasing from a weakly scattering medium and demonstrate that the distribution of the threshold gain over the ensemble of statistically independent finite-size samples is universal. Universality stems from the facts that (i) the lasing threshold in a given sample is determined by the highest-quality mode of all the random resonators present in the sample and (ii) the areal density of the random resonators decays sharply with the quality factor of the mode that they trap. We find analytically the shape of the universal distribution function of the lasing threshold. The shape of this function is governed by a single dimensionless parameter beta. This parameter increases as a power law with In S, where S is the sample area (length, volume), and decreases as a power law with disorder strength. The powers depend on the microscopic mechanism of the light trapping. As a result, the distribution of the thresholds narrows with S and broadens with the disorder strength.