One-third of reef-building corals face elevated extinction risk from climate change and local impacts

被引：941

作者：

Carpenter, Kent E. ^{[1
]}

Abrar, Muhammad ^{[2
]}

Aeby, Greta ^{[3
]}

Aronson, Richard B. ^{[4
]}

Banks, Stuart ^{[5
]}

Bruckner, Andrew ^{[6
,7
]}

Chiriboga, Angel ^{[8
]}

Cortes, Jorge ^{[9
]}

Delbeek, J. Charles ^{[10
]}

DeVantier, Lyndon ^{[11
]}

Edgar, Graham J. ^{[12
,13
]}

Edwards, Alasdair J. ^{[14
]}

Fenner, Douglas ^{[15
]}

Guzman, Hector M. ^{[16
]}

Hoeksema, Bert W. ^{[17
]}

Hodgson, Gregor ^{[18
]}

Johan, Ofri ^{[19
]}

Licuanan, Wilfredo Y. ^{[20
,21
]}

Livingstone, Suzanne R. ^{[1
]}

Lovell, Edward R. ^{[22
]}

Moore, Jennifer A. ^{[23
]}

Obura, David O. ^{[24
]}

Ochavillo, Domingo ^{[25
]}

Polidoro, Beth A. ^{[1
]}

Precht, William F. ^{[26
]}

Quibilan, Miledel C. ^{[27
]}

Reboton, Clarissa ^{[28
]}

Richards, Zoe T. ^{[29
]}

Rogers, Alex D. ^{[30
]}

Sanciangco, Jonnell ^{[1
]}

Sheppard, Anne ^{[31
]}

Sheppard, Charles ^{[31
]}

Smith, Jennifer ^{[1
]}

Stuart, Simon ^{[32
,33
]}

Turak, Emre ^{[11
]}

Veron, John E. N. ^{[11
]}

Wallace, Carden ^{[34
]}

Weil, Ernesto ^{[35
]}

Wood, Elizabeth ^{[36
]}

机构：

[1] Old Dominion Univ, IUCN Species Programme SSC & CI Global Marine Spe, Norfolk, VA 23529 USA

[2] Indonesian Inst Sci, Res Ctr Oceanog, Jakarta, Indonesia

[3] Hawaii Inst Marine Biol, Kaneohe, HI 96744 USA

[4] Dauphin Isl Sea Lab, Dauphin Isl, AL 36528 USA

[5] Charles Darwin Res Stn Puerto Ayora, Santa Cruz, Galapagos, Ecuador

[6] NOAA Fisheries, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA

[7] NOAA Coral Reef Conservat Program, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA

[8] Brown Univ, Providence, RI 02912 USA

[9] Univ Costa Rica, Ctr Invest Ciencias Mar & Limnol CIMAR, San Jose, Costa Rica

[10] Univ Hawaii Manoa, Waikiki Aquarium, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA

[11] Coral Reef Res, Townsville, Qld 4811, Australia

[12] CI, CABS, Arlington, VA 22202 USA

[13] Univ Tasmania, Tasmanian Aquaculture & Fisheries Inst, Hobart, Tas 7011, Australia

[14] Univ Newcastle, Sch Biol, Newcastle Upon Tyne NE1 7RU, Tyne & Wear, England

[15] Dept Marine & Wildlife Resources, Pago Pago, AS USA

[16] Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Balboa 084303092, Panama

[17] Natl Museum Nat Hist Naturalis, NL-2333 AA Leiden, Netherlands

[18] Reef Check Fdn, Pacific Palisades, CA 90272 USA

[19] Res Ctr Aquaculture, Jakarta, Indonesia

[20] De La Salle Univ, Dept Biol, Manila, Philippines

[21] De La Salle Univ, Shields Marine Stn, Manila, Philippines

[22] Univ S Pacific, Sch Marine Studies, Suva, Fiji

[23] NOAA, Fisheries Serv, Protected Resources Div, St Petersburg, FL 33701 USA

[24] CORDIO E Africa, Mombasa, Kenya

[25] Reef Check Philippines, Manila, Philippines

[26] NOAA, Florida Keys Natl Marine Sanctuary, Damage Assessment & Restorat Program, Key Largo, FL 33040 USA

[27] CI Philippines, Sulu Sulawesi Seascape Program, Quezon City, Philippines

[28] Silliman Univ, Inst Environm & Marine Sci, Dumaguete, Philippines

[29] James Cook Univ, Australian Res Council Ctr Excellence Coral Reef, Townsville, Qld 4811, Australia

[30] Zool Soc London, Inst Zool, London NW1 4RY, England

[31] Univ Warwick, Dept Biol Sci, Coventry CV4 7AL, W Midlands, England

[32] Conservat Int, IUCN SSC, Norfolk, VA 23529 USA

[33] Conservat Int, CI CABS Biodivers Assessment Unit, Norfolk, VA 23529 USA

[34] Museum Trop Queensland, Townsville, Qld 4810, Australia

[35] Univ Puerto Rico, Dept Marine Sci, Lajas, PR USA

[36] Marine Conservat Soc, Ross On Wye, Herts, England

来源：

SCIENCE | 2008年 / 321卷 / 5888期

关键词：

D O I：

10.1126/science.1159196

中图分类号：

O [数理科学和化学]; P [天文学、地球科学]; Q [生物科学]; N [自然科学总论];

学科分类号：

07 ; 0710 ; 09 ;

摘要：

The conservation status of 845 zooxanthellate reef- building coral species was assessed by using International Union for Conservation of Nature Red List Criteria. Of the 704 species that could be assigned conservation status, 32.8% are in categories with elevated risk of extinction. Declines in abundance are associated with bleaching and diseases driven by elevated sea surface temperatures, with extinction risk further exacerbated by local- scale anthropogenic disturbances. The proportion of corals threatened with extinction has increased dramatically in recent decades and exceeds that of most terrestrial groups. The Caribbean has the largest proportion of corals in high extinction risk categories, whereas the Coral Triangle ( western Pacific) has the highest proportion of species in all categories of elevated extinction risk. Our results emphasize the widespread plight of coral reefs and the urgent need to enact conservation measures.

引用

页码：560 / 563

页数：4

共 25 条

[1] Outbreak of coral disease in the Northwestern Hawaiian Islands
Aeby, GS
[J]. CORAL REEFS, 2005, 24 (03) : 481 - 481
[2] [Anonymous], 2005, STATE CORAL REEF ECO
[3] White-band disease and the changing face of Caribbean coral reefs
Aronson, RB
Precht, WF
[J]. HYDROBIOLOGIA, 2001, 460 (1-3) : 25 - 38
[4] Aronson RB, 2002, ECOL MONOGR, V72, P233, DOI 10.1890/0012-9615(2002)072[0233:TESOST]2.0.CO
[5] 2
[6] Bruckner A. W, 2006, Rev. biol. trop, V54, P45
[7] Regional Decline of Coral Cover in the Indo-Pacific: Timing, Extent, and Subregional Comparisons
Bruno, John F.
Selig, Elizabeth R.
[J]. PLOS ONE, 2007, 2 (08):
[8] Declining coral calcification in massive Porites in two nearshore regions of the northern Great Barrier Reef
Cooper, Timothy F.
De 'ath, Glenn
Fabricius, Katharina E.
Lough, Janice M.
[J]. GLOBAL CHANGE BIOLOGY, 2008, 14 (03) : 529 - 538
[9] Long-term region-wide declines in Caribbean corals
Gardner, TA
Côté, IM
Gill, JA
Grant, A
Watkinson, AR
[J]. SCIENCE, 2003, 301 (5635) : 958 - 960
[10] Dynamic fragility of oceanic coral reef ecosystems
Graham, NAJ
Wilson, SK
Jennings, S
Polunin, NVC
Bijoux, JP
Robinson, J
[J]. PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA, 2006, 103 (22) : 8425 - 8429

← 1 2 3 →