Elevated Levels of Serum β2-Glycoprotein I/Oxidized Low-Density Lipoprotein Complexes Are Associated with Cerebral Infarction in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

Background: To determine whether the levels of beta 2-glycoprotein I (beta 2-GPI)/oxidized low-density lipoprotein (oxLDL) complexes are correlated with cerebral infarction in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Material/Methods: The levels of beta 2-GPI/oxLDL complexes, oxLDL, routine lipid/lipoprotein parameters, oxidative stress molecules, and inflammatory factors were measured in 78 healthy controls, 82 diabetics without cerebral infarction, and 79 diabetics with cerebral infarction. Correlation, multiple linear regression, and logistic regression analyses were performed. Results: Serum beta 2-GPI/oxLDL complexes and oxLDL levels were significantly elevated in cerebral infarction in patients with T2DM (beta 2-GPI/oxLDL: 1.09 +/- 0.16 U/mL; oxLDL: 47.83 +/- 8.17 mmol/L) compared with T2DM without cerebral infarction (beta 2-GPI/oxLDL: 0.95 +/- 0.13 U/mL; oxLDL: 41.24 +/- 7.12 mmol/L) and healthy controls (beta 2-GPI/oxLDL: 0.81 +/- 0.12 U/mL; oxLDL: 27.97 +/- 4.57 mmol/L). The levels of b2-GPI/oxLDL complex in lacunar infarction (1.16 +/- 0.15 U/ml) were significantly higher than atherothrombotic infarction (1.07 +/- 0.19 U/ml) and cardioembolic infarction (1.00 +/- 0.23 U/ml). In all patients with T2DM, the beta 2-GPI/oxLDL levels were positively correlated with total cholesterol (r=0.474, p=0.001) and triglycerides (r=0.431,p=0.003). oxLDL levels were positively correlated with total cholesterol (r=0.445, p=0.002). The logistic regression analysis indicated that elevated beta 2-GPI/oxLDL and oxLDL levels were independently associated with diabetic cerebral infarction. Conclusions: Elevated levels of serum beta 2-GPI/oxLDL complexes are associated with cerebral infarction in patients with T2DM, especially in those with lacunar infarction.