Energy and pollution embodied in trade: The case of Norway

被引:0
作者
Peters, GP [1 ]
Hertwich, E [1 ]
机构
[1] Norwegian Univ Sci & Technol, Ind Ecol Programme, NO-7491 Trondheim, Norway
来源
Proceedings of ECOS 2005, Vols 1-3: SHAPING OUR FUTURE ENERGY SYSTEMS | 2005年
关键词
embodied energy; embodied emissions; CO2; Kyoto protocol; input-output analysis; environment; industrial ecology;
D O I
暂无
中图分类号
TE [石油、天然气工业]; TK [能源与动力工程];
学科分类号
0807 ; 0820 ;
摘要
Access to resources and energy, but also policy and historical development, shape the industrial structure of countries. This implies that some countries specialize in energy-intensive and pollution-intensive products. National environmental regulation and international agreements are also expected to shape the global patterns of production, as the concern about "carbon-leakage" under the Kyoto Protocol indicates. Most empirical investigations of the energy and pollution embodied in trade have assumed that imports are produced with the same technology as exports. These investigations were able to reflect differences in the composition of imports and exports, but not differences in pollution control technology, efficiency, or energy mix. We calculate the energy and pollution embodied in trade for Norway, taking into account the energy and pollution intensity of important trading partners. Our investigations indicate that Norwegian exports are more energy intensive than imports. In contrast, due to Norways energy mix and technology, Norwegian exports are often less pollution intensive than imports. This leads us to the hypothesis that, for the case of Norway, there are environmental benefits from trade and a specialization in energy-intensive production is environmentally preferable.
引用
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页码:93 / 100
页数:8
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