THE DISCOVERY OF GEOMAGNETICALLY TRAPPED COSMIC-RAY ANTIPROTONS

被引：42

作者：

Adriani, O. ^{[1
,17
]}

Barbarino, G. C. ^{[2
,3
]}

Bazilevskaya, G. A. ^{[4
]}

Bellotti, R. ^{[5
,18
]}

Boezio, M. ^{[6
]}

Bogomolov, E. A. ^{[7
]}

Bongi, M. ^{[1
]}

Bonvicini, V. ^{[6
]}

Borisov, S. ^{[8
,9
,10
]}

Bottai, S. ^{[1
]}

Bruno, A. ^{[5
,18
]}

Cafagna, F. ^{[18
]}

Campana, D. ^{[3
]}

Carbone, R. ^{[3
,9
]}

Carlson, P. ^{[11
,12
]}

Casolino, M. ^{[8
]}

Castellini, G. ^{[13
]}

Consiglio, L. ^{[3
]}

De Pascale, M. P. ^{[8
,9
]}

De Santis, C. ^{[8
,9
]}

De Simone, N. ^{[8
,9
]}

Di Felice, V. ^{[8
]}

Galper, A. M. ^{[10
]}

Gillard, W. ^{[11
,12
]}

Grishantseva, L. ^{[10
]}

Jerse, G. ^{[6
,14
]}

Karelin, A. V. ^{[10
]}

Kheymits, M. D. ^{[10
]}

Koldashov, S. V. ^{[10
]}

Krutkov, S. Y. ^{[7
]}

Kvashnin, A. N. ^{[4
]}

Leonov, A. ^{[10
]}

Malakhov, V. ^{[10
]}

Marcelli, L. ^{[8
]}

Mayorov, A. G. ^{[10
]}

Menn, W. ^{[15
]}

Mikhailov, V. V. ^{[10
]}

Mocchiutti, E. ^{[6
]}

Monaco, A. ^{[5
,18
]}

Mori, N. ^{[1
,17
]}

Nikonov, N. ^{[7
,8
,9
]}

Osteria, G. ^{[3
]}

Palma, F. ^{[8
,9
]}

Papini, P. ^{[1
]}

Pearce, M. ^{[11
,12
]}

Picozza, P. ^{[8
,9
]}

Pizzolotto, C. ^{[6
]}

Ricci, M. ^{[16
]}

Ricciarini, S. B. ^{[1
]}

Rossetto, L. ^{[11
,12
]}

机构：

[1] INFN, Sez Florence, I-50019 Florence, Italy

[2] Univ Naples Federico II, Dept Phys, I-80126 Naples, Italy

[3] INFN, Sez Naples, I-80126 Naples, Italy

[4] PN Lebedev Phys Inst, RU-119991 Moscow, Russia

[5] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Bari, I-70126 Bari, Italy

[6] INFN, Sez Trieste, I-34149 Trieste, Italy

[7] Ioffe Phys Tech Inst, RU-194021 St Petersburg, Russia

[8] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Rome Tor Vergata, I-00133 Rome, Italy

[9] Univ Roma Tor Vergata, Dept Phys, I-00133 Rome, Italy

[10] NRNU MEPhI, RU-115409 Moscow, Russia

[11] AlbaNova Univ Ctr, Dept Phys, KTH, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden

[12] AlbaNova Univ Ctr, Oskar Klein Ctr Cosmoparticle Phys, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden

[13] IFAC, I-50019 Florence, Italy

[14] Univ Trieste, Dept Phys, I-34147 Trieste, Italy

[15] Univ Siegen, Dept Phys, D-57068 Siegen, Germany

[16] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Lab Nazl Frascati, I-00044 Frascati, Italy

[17] Univ Florence, Dept Phys, I-50019 Florence, Italy

[18] Univ Bari, Dept Phys, I-70126 Bari, Italy

来源：

ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LETTERS | 2011年 / 737卷 / 02期

基金：

瑞典研究理事会; 俄罗斯基础研究基金会;

关键词：

atmospheric effects; cosmic rays; elementary particles; magnetic fields; space vehicles; PAMELA;

D O I：

10.1088/2041-8205/737/2/L29

中图分类号：

P1 [天文学];

学科分类号：

0704 ;

摘要：

The existence of a significant flux of antiprotons confined to Earth's magnetosphere has been considered in several theoretical works. These antiparticles are produced in nuclear interactions of energetic cosmic rays with the terrestrial atmosphere and accumulate in the geomagnetic field at altitudes of several hundred kilometers. A contribution from the decay of albedo antineutrons has been hypothesized in analogy to proton production by neutron decay, which constitutes the main source of trapped protons at energies above some tens of MeV. This Letter reports the discovery of an antiproton radiation belt around the Earth. The trapped antiproton energy spectrum in the South Atlantic Anomaly (SAA) region has been measured by the PAMELA experiment for the kinetic energy range 60-750 MeV. A measurement of the atmospheric sub-cutoff antiproton spectrum outside the radiation belts is also reported. PAMELA data show that the magnetospheric antiproton flux in the SAA exceeds the cosmic-ray antiproton flux by three orders of magnitude at the present solar minimum, and exceeds the sub-cutoff antiproton flux outside radiation belts by four orders of magnitude, constituting the most abundant source of antiprotons near the Earth.

引用

页数：5

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