Polymorphism Gly460Trp of Alpha-Adducin Gene and Predisposition to Essential Hypertension. The Role of Gene-Environment Interactions in the Development of the Disease in Russian Population

In this study we for the first time in Russian population elucidated association between G460W polymorphism of alpha-adducin gene (ADD!) and risk of development of hypertensive disease (HD). DNA samples from 205 patients with HD and 207 healthy nonrelated individuals of Russian nationality were genotyped for G460W polymorphism of ADD1 gene by polymerase chain reaction and restriction analysis. We detected no statistically significant differences between groups of healthy people and patients with HD. But among smokers with 460GW genotype of ADD1 gene we found elevated risk of HD development (OR 2.71, 95%CI 1.01-7.26; p=0.04). Among nonsmokers the given genotype did not influence risk of origination of the disease (OR 0.67, 95%CI 0.39-1.15; p=0.15). Moreover carriers of 460GW genotype who did not consume fresh vegetables and fruits or consumed them insufficiently (once a day or less) had the highest risk of HD development (OR 2.24, 95%CI 1.06-4.73; p=0.03) while in subjects who consumed fresh vegetables and fruits regularly the given genotype possessed protective properties in relation to risk of development of the disease (OR 0.25, 95%CI 0.09-0.68; p=0.005). Thus in the studied Russian population G460W polymorphism of ADD1 gene can be considered as predisposition gene to HD, but its pathological effect is manifested solely under influence of environmental factors.